Introduction: The Evolution of Cooperative Communication

Relationship among Self-perceived Oral Competence, Communication Apprehension, and Iranian EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate: Cooperative teaching in focus

Speaking is deemed by many scholars as a fundamental skill in second language (L2) learning. From the myriad of factors playing a role in willingness to communicate (WTC) in a foreign language, communication apprehension and self-perceived competence have attracted a good deal of interest in recent decades. Furthermore, it is generally agreed that cooperative teaching can enhance learners' ling...

Relationship among Self-perceived Oral Competence, Communication Apprehension, and Iranian EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate: Cooperative teaching in focus

Speaking is deemed by many scholars as a fundamental skill in second language (L2) learning. From the myriad of factors playing a role in willingness to communicate (WTC) in a foreign language, communication apprehension and self-perceived competence have attracted a good deal of interest in recent decades. Furthermore, it is generally agreed that cooperative teaching can enhance learners' ling...

On Feasibility of Adaptive Level Hardware Evolution for Emergent Fault Tolerant Communication

A permanent physical fault in communication lines usually leads to a failure. The feasibility of evolution of a self organized communication is studied in this paper to defeat this problem. In this case a communication protocol may emerge between blocks and also can adapt itself to environmental changes like physical faults and defects. In spite of faults, blocks may continue to function since ...

Cooperative Co-Evolving Neural Networks for Robosoccer Simulation

Sum-Rate Maximization Based on Power Constraints for Cooperative AF Relay Networks

In this paper, our objective is maximizing total sum-rate subject to power constraints on total relay transmit power or individual relay powers, for amplify-and-forward single-antenna relay-based wireless communication networks. We derive a closed-form solution for the total power constraint optimization problem and show that the individual relay power constraints optimization problem is a quad...

Jigsaw: A good student-centered method in medical education

Introduction: Today, student-centered methods must be used to train students with professional competency. One of the most valuable methods is Jigsaw (JT). Despite its various positive effects on students’ learning, not all teachers are familiar with Jigsaw. In order to familiarize teachers with this method and encourage them to use it in teaching their students, this article introduces Jigsaw,...